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Astrophysical Studies in the Space Experiments

• The TUS space experiment has been proposed to measure the energy spectrum, composition and angular distribution of the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) at E 10 ¹⁹-10 ²⁰ eV, to study the region beyond the GZK cutoff Existence of these particles is beyond the Standard Model of particle physics and is of great interest. The study from the orbit is much more effective in comparison with the ground-based detectors. The existing world statistics is assumed to be increased by a factor of 2-3 during 3 years of the global data taking. The TUS detector will make it possible to study UHECP neutrino Extensive Air Showers (EAS) from the space orbit.
• The aim of the NUCLEON Project is direct CR measurements in the energy range 10 ¹¹-10 ¹⁵ eV and the atomic charge range up to Z40 in the near-Earth space to solve mainly the "knee" problem in the CR spectrum. The CR phenomena in this energy region are investigated in terrestrial experiments by measurement of EAS parameters or in balloon or space experiments. Below ~ 10 ¹⁴ eV the spectrum and composition are known from direct observation with detectors placed in balloons and earth satellites. However, at higher energies the CR flux is smaller and more difficult for direct and needs observation. Precise measurement of the CR composition and anisotropy will help to test the existing theoretical concepts and will become a basis for further studies. Of special interest for JINR is the search for a signal of production of a heavy particle with M0.5 TeV, expected for the lightest and stable SUSY or WIMP particle.

• Participation in the complex tests of the in flight TUS apparatus on the Michail Lomonosov satellite.
  
  
• Participation in the data taking of the TUS experiment.
  
  
• Participation in production of the TUS on-line programs and off-line analysis.
  
  
• Participation in the complex tests of the NUCLEON trigger system.
  
  
• Development of the MC simulation program for the neutron response for the HERO space detector. Development of on-line data handling programs. Participation in production of the HERO detector prototype and beam tests at SPS, CERN.
  
  

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