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Research on the Biological Effect of Heavy Charged Particles
with Different Energies

• Research on the regularities and mechanisms of the initiation of molecular disorders in the DNA structure and their repair; and radiation-induced apoptosis in human cells under exposure to radiations with different linear energy transfer (LET).
  
  
• Decoding of the mechanisms underlying cell hypersensitivity and hyperresistance to low doses of ionizing radiation.
  
  
• Acquisition of comparative data on the regularities of the induction of gene and structural mutations in mammalian and lower eukaryote cells by sparsely and densely ionizing radiations with different LET.
  
  
• Research on the mechanisms of the induction of retinal damage by heavy charged particles (HCP) and its repair.
  
  
• Research on the character of the HCP-induced damage of central nervous system (CNS) cells and regularities of their death. Identification of HCP-induced functional and morphological disorders in the CNS.
  
  
• Mathematical modeling of the effects induced by ionizing radiations with different LET at the molecular and cellular levels. Development and analysis of mathematical models of the molecular mechanisms of CNS structural and functional disorders induced by ionizing radiations.
  
  
• Calculation of the radiation shielding of new nuclear physics facilities; evaluation of the radiation environment and development of radiation safety systems.

• To continue studying regularities in the induction, formation, and repair kinetics of HCP-induced clustered DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human skin fibroblast nuclei.
  
  
• To study the expression of the genes encoding the proteins RAD51, DNA PKcs, NBS1, and MRE11, which participate in HCP-induced damage repair in human fibroblasts.
  
  
• To continue studying radiation-induced apoptosis mechanisms and different ways of HCP-induced DNA damage repair. To study the expression of the genes that encode the proteins and caspases participating in apoptosis induction in human fibroblasts by HCP.
  
  
• Using a Synergy H1m microplate reader, to evaluate the level of the reactive oxygen species and ERK protein kinase in mammalian microglial cells exposed to protons and HCP.
  
  
• To continue studying regularities in the induction of gene and structural mutations in yeast cells by radiations with different LET.
  
  
• To continue research on the mutagenic effect of ionizing radiations on mammalian cells in the remote after irradiation. To complete a molecular analysis of HPRT-mutant subclones.
  
  
• To continue studying the mechanisms behind retina recovery: Mueller cell activation, expression of endogenous protectors in the retina, and expression of the oxidative stress proteins.
  
  
• To continue research on the apoptotic death of neurons in different sections of the rat and mouse brain at different times after exposure to radiations with different LET.
  
  
• To continue studying disorders in the exchange of monoamines and their metabolites in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, adjoining nucleus, and hypothalamus of the rat brain under exposure to ionizing radiations.
  
  
• To continue the development of mathematical models of neurons' functional activity under exposure to radiations with different LET.
  
  
• To continue elaboration of model approaches to the quantitative estimation of the relation between the plastic processes in neurons participating in the formation of the brain's functional networks.
  
  
• To continue the development of mathematical models of the axon transport of signals.
  
  
• To continue testing and calibration of nuclear planetary science instruments with fast neutron generators at the LRB's test site.
  
  
• To ensure the conduction of the radiobiological experiments at the Nuclotron (the Laboratory of High-Energy Physics), U-400M cyclotron (the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions), and the medical beam of the Phasotron (the Laboratory of Nuclear Problems).
  
  

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