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Research on the Biological Effects of Heavy Charged Particles
of Different Energies

• Research on the regularities and mechanisms of molecular damage induction and repair in the DNA structure in mammalian and human cells for radiations with different linear energy transfer (LET) in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
• Obtaining comparative data on the regularities in the induction of gene and structural mutations in mammalian and lower eukaryote cells under exposure to sparsely and densely ionizing radiations with different LET.
  
  
• Research on the mechanisms of the heavy charged particle (HCP)-induced damage of the eye retina and its repair.
  
  
• Research on the character of the damage of central nervous system (CNS) cells and regularities of their death. Identification of the HCP-induced functional and morphological disorders in the CNS.
  
  
• Mathematical modeling of the effects of ionizing radiations with different LET at the molecular and cellular levels. Development and analysis of mathematical models of the molecular mechanisms of ionizing radiation-induced disorders in the CNS structure and functions.
  
  
• Calculation of shielding for new nuclear physics facilities, evaluation of the radiation environment, and development of radiation safety systems.

• To continue studying regularities in the induction, formation, and repair kinetics of clustered DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human skin fibroblasts and mammalian CNS neurons in vivo and in vitro after exposure to heavy charged particles (HCP).
  
  
• To continue evaluating the proportion of different DNA DSB repair pathways in human fibroblasts after exposure to radiation of different quality - by immunocytochemical staining of the repair proteins RAD51 (HR), DNA PKcs (NHEJ), and Ku70.
  
  
• To study the influence of DNA synthesis inhibitors on the formation and repair of clustered DNA damage in human skin fibroblasts and in mammalian CNS neurons in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
• To continue studying regularities in DNA DSB formation and elimination in rodent brain neurons after exposure in vivo and in vitro to radiation of different quality using a primary hippocampal culture.
  
  
• To study regularities in the formation and repair of clustered DNA DSBs induced by ionizing radiation of different quality in radioresistant human U87 glioblastoma cells in vitro.
  
  
• To study radiation effects in laboratory animals' glial brain cells after exposure to ionizing radiation of different quality.
  
  
• To continue the multicolor FISH analysis of the action of gamma rays and accelerated protons on peripheral human blood lymphocytes.
  
  
• To continue studying regularities in the induction of structural mutations in yeast cells by radiation of different LET.
  
  
• To compare the results of a molecular and cytogenetic analysis of HPRT-mutant subclones in mammalian cells at long times after exposure to ionizing radiation of different LET.
  
  
• To continue studying the mechanisms behind the damage and recovery of retinal cell elements after radiation exposure.
  
  
• To study the modification of small laboratory animals' behavioral reactions after HCP exposure. To identify the specifics of the pathologic changes in different brain cell populations and evaluate the possibility of reducing such disorders by different pharmacological agents.
  
  
• To study pathogenesis in different mammalian tissues and organs after HCP exposure.
  
  
• To continue the computer modeling of the induction and repair of the key types of DNA damage after HCP exposure.
  
  
• To continue the computer modeling of the formation of radiation-induced damage in the protein structures of synaptic receptors and their functional activity.
  
  
• To develop models of the impaired functional activity of neural networks of different brain regions after radiation damage.
  
  
• To continue designing, testing and calibration of nuclear planetary science instruments with fast neutron generators at the LRB's test site.
  
  
• To ensure the conduction of radiobiological experiments at the U-400M cyclotron (the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions) and the medical beam of the Phasotron (the Laboratory of Nuclear Problems).
  

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