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ÊÂÀÇÈÏÎÒÅÍÖÈÀËÜÍÎÅ ÓÐÀÂÍÅÍÈÅ Â ÒÅÐÌÈÍÀÕ ÁÛÑÒÐÎÒ È ÅÃÎ ÏÐÈÌÅÍÅÍÈÅ Ê ÐÅËßÒÈÂÈÑÒÑÊÈÌ ÏÐÎÁËÅÌÀÌ ÐÀÑÑÅßÍÈß È ÑÂßÇÀÍÍÛÕ ÑÎÑÒÎßÍÈÉ

È. Â. Àìèðõàíîâ, Ã. Â. Ãðóøà, Ð. Ì. Ìèð-Êàñèìîâ

Îáúåäèíåííûé èíñòèòóò ÿäåðíûõ èññëåäîâàíèé, Äóáíà

This review is devoted to the approach to the relativistic two body problem in which the rapidity being the variable canonically conjugated to the relativistic relative distance plays the key role. The analytic properties of the amplitude and wave function as functions of rapidity (energy) and angular momentum are investigated in detail. The generalization for a number of quantum-mechanical methods is given: the relativistic variable phase method; the method of evaluation of relativistic corrections; the equations for the relativistic analogs of the scattering length and effective radius, the high-energies representation for scattering amplitude etc.

Îáçîð ïîñâÿùåí ïîäõîäó ê ðåëÿòèâèñòñêîé ïðîáëåìå äâóõ òåë, â êîòîðîì êëþ÷åâóþ ðîëü èãðàåò áûñòðîòà — ïåðåìåííàÿ, êàíîíè÷åñêè ñîïðÿæåííàÿ ðåëÿòèâèñòñêîìó îòíîñèòåëüíîìó ðàññòîÿíèþ. Äëÿ øèðîêîãî êëàññà êâàçèïîòåíöèàëîâ ïîëíîñòüþ èññëåäîâàíû àíàëèòè÷åñêèå ñâîéñòâà àìïëèòóäû è âîëíîâîé ôóíêöèè ïî áûñòðîòå (ýíåðãèè) è îðáèòàëüíîìó ìîìåíòó. Äàíî îáîáùåíèå ðÿäà êâàíòîâî-ìåõàíè÷åñêèõ ìåòîäîâ: ðåëÿòèâèñòñêèé ìåòîä ôàçîâûõ ôóíêöèé, ìåòîä âû÷èñëåíèÿ ðåëÿòèâèñòñêèõ ïîïðàâîê, óðàâíåíèÿ äëÿ ðåëÿòèâèñòñêèõ àíàëîãîâ äëèíû ðàññåÿíèÿ è ýôôåêòèâíîãî ðàäèóñà, âûñîêîýíåðãåòè÷åñêîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå äëÿ àìïëèòóäû ðàññåÿíèÿ è äð.

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