Research on Cosmic Matter on Earth and in Nearby Space;
Research on the Biological and Geochemical Specifics
of the Early Earth

Participating countries and international organizations:
Italy, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, United Kingdom, USA.

Issues addressed and main goals of research:
Research and development will include:

• Biogeochemical studies of cosmic dust

• Studies of biofossils and organic compounds in meteorites and ancient terrestrial rocks

• Studies of cosmic matter with nuclear physics methods

• As a result of studying and generalizing the research materials on modern and fossil cosmic dust as well as ancient terrestrial objects and modern extremophile organisms, data will be obtained on the forms of ancient terrestrial and extraterrestrial life.

As the results:

• Obtaining new data on the amount of cosmic matter falling on the whole Earth's surface. Obtaining data on the dynamics of cosmic dust fallout on large territories.

• Evaluation of the following parameters of particles of extraterrestrial origin: morphology, structure, size distribution, and elemental, isotopic, and mineralogical composition. Assessment of changes in these characteristics in different plates in different time intervals.

• Creation of a cosmic dust collection, where dust microparticles will be characterized by quantity (concentration) and the size distribution.

• Obtaining new information on the role of microorganisms in the formation and evolution of life on Earth and processes of weathering, precipitation growth, etc.

• Research on the synthesis of complex prebiotic compounds from formamide under exposure to ionizing radiations of different qualities with meteorite samples as catalysts.

• Generalization of the obtained data on the forms of ancient terrestrial and, possibly, extraterrestrial life.

Expected results in the current year:

• To continue the electron microscopy-based search for and study of microfossils in meteorites and terrestrial rocks (mainly Archaean and early Proterozoic).

• To evaluate the elemental composition of cosmic dust in biomonitor mosses with nuclear physics methods.

• To continue the research on the synthesis of complex prebiotic compounds from formamide under exposure to accelerated ions at different temperatures.

• To continue the research on the catalysts participating in the synthesis of complex prebiotic compounds from formamide.

• To process data (electronic microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry images) for preparing an illustrated atlas of microfossils in carbonaceous chondrites.

• To complete the preparation of an astrobiology textbook

Collaboration